Izixhobo kunye neZibonelelo
I-interferometer ye-laser ye-Horizontal sisixhobo esisebenzisa umgaqo wokuphazamiseka kwe-laser ukulinganisa ubude, ukuguqulwa kunye nezinye iiparitha zezinto.Umgaqo-siseko kukwahlula i-beam yokukhanya kwe-laser ibe yimiqadi emibini, ebonakaliswa kwaye idibaniswe kwakhona ukuze ibangele ukuphazamiseka.Ngokulinganisa utshintsho kwimida yokuphazamiseka, utshintsho kwiiparameters ezinxulumene nezinto zinokumiselwa.Iinkalo zokusetyenziswa eziphambili ze-laser interferometers zibandakanya ukuveliswa kwemizi-mveliso, i-aerospace, ubunjineli bokwakha kunye nezinye iindawo zokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulawula.Ngokomzekelo, ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-deformation ye-aircraft fuselage, ukulinganisa xa kuveliswa izixhobo zomatshini ezichanekileyo, njl.
Izixhobo zokulinganisa izixhobo.Umgaqo kukusebenzisa imigaqo ye-optical okanye mechanical ukulinganisa isixhobo, kwaye ulungelelanise iqondo le-centering yesixhobo ngempazamo yokulinganisa.Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulungelelaniswa kwesixhobo kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezimiselweyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.
I-laser goniometer sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-engile phakathi komphezulu okanye iinxalenye zento.Isebenzisa imbonakalo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemiqadi yelaser ukulinganisa ubukhulu kunye necala leengile phakathi komphezulu wento okanye iinxalenye.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukuba i-laser beam ikhutshwe kwisixhobo kwaye ibonakaliswe ngasemva yinxalenye ye-angle elinganisiweyo ukwenza umqadi wokuphazamiseka kokukhanya.Ngokwemilo yangaphambili yokukhanya okuphazamisayo kunye nendawo yokuphazamiseka komphetho, i-goniometer ingabala ubungakanani be-engile kunye nesalathiso phakathi kwee-engile ezilinganisiweyo.I-Laser goniometers isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumlinganiselo, ukuhlola kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo kwiindawo zoshishino.Ngokomzekelo, kwintsimi ye-aerospace, i-laser goniometers isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-angle kunye nomgama phakathi kokumila kwenqwelomoya kunye namacandelo ayo;kwimveliso kunye nokusebenza ngoomatshini, i-laser goniometers ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa okanye ukulungelelanisa umgama phakathi kweengxenye zomatshini okanye indawo.Ukongeza, i-laser goniometers isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo, ukuhlola umhlaba, unyango, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nezinye iinkalo.
Ukuhlolwa komgangatho weLaser ibhentshi ecocekileyo kakhulu yeyona ndlela yokufumanisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu okungonakaliyo kwezinto ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe belaser.Indlela yokufumanisa inokubona ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo ezifana nomphezulu, ukuqokelela, ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwento.Ibhentshi ye-ultra-clean luhlobo lwezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa kwindawo ecocekileyo, enokunciphisa impembelelo yezinto zangaphandle ezifana nothuli kunye neebhaktheriya ekubhaqweni, kunye nokugcina ukucoceka kwezinto zesampuli.Umgaqo wokuhlola umgangatho we-laser wokuhlola umgangatho we-ultra-clean ibhentshi ikakhulu kukusebenzisa i-laser beam ukuskena into phantsi kovavanyo, kwaye ufumane ulwazi lwento ngokusebenzisa i-laser kunye nento ephantsi kovavanyo, kwaye emva koko uchonge iimpawu ze-laser. into ukugqiba ukuhlolwa komgangatho.Ngelo xesha, indawo yangaphakathi yebhentshi ye-ultra-clean ilawulwa ngokungqongqo, enokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo impembelelo yengxolo yokusingqongileyo, ubushushu, umswakama kunye nezinye izinto ekubhaqweni, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuchaneka nokuchaneka kokufumanisa.Ukuhlolwa komgangatho weLaser iibhentshi ezicocekileyo ezicocekileyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso, ezonyango, kwi-biotechnology kunye nezinye iinkalo, ezinokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza komgca wemveliso, ukunciphisa izinga lesiphako semveliso, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso.
I-Cylindrical eccentricity sisixhobo sokulinganisa ukunyaniseka kwento.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal eyenziwa xa into ijikeleza ukuyihambisa kwi-cylinder ye-eccentricity meter, kwaye isalathisi kwi-cylinder sibonisa ukunyaniseka kwento.Kwicandelo lezonyango, iimitha ze-cylindrical eccentricity ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha okanye imisebenzi engaqhelekanga kumalungu omzimba womntu.Kushishino kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi, i-cylindrical eccentricity ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumlinganiselo wobunzima bento kunye ne-inertia.
Isixhobo sokulinganisa umlinganiselo wokutshabalala siqhele ukusetyenziswa ukulinganisa iipropathi ezisebenza ngokubonakalayo zezinto.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukusebenzisa i-angle yokujikeleza yokukhanya kwe-polarized ukubala izinga lokuphela kunye nesantya esithile sokujikeleza kwezinto zokukhanya.Ngokukodwa, emva kokungena kwizinto eziphathekayo, ukukhanya kwe-polarized kuya kujikeleza i-angle ethile ecaleni kwendlela yepropathi ye-optical rotation, kwaye emva koko ilinganiswe ngumtshini wokukhanya.Ngokotshintsho lwemeko ye-polarization ngaphambi nangemva kokuba ukukhanya kudlule kwisampuli, iiparitha ezifana nomlinganiselo wokuphela kunye nomlinganiselo othile wokujikeleza ungabalwa.Ukusebenzisa isixhobo, qala ubeke isampuli kwi-detector kwaye ulungise umthombo wokukhanya kunye ne-optics yesixhobo ukuze ukukhanya okudlula kwisampulu kubonwe sisixhobo.Emva koko, sebenzisa ikhomputha okanye ezinye izixhobo zokucwangcisa idatha ukucubungula idatha elinganisiweyo kwaye ubale iiparitha eziphathekayo ezifanelekileyo.Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, i-optics yesixhobo kufuneka iphathwe ngononophelo kwaye igcinwe ukuze ingonakali okanye ichaphazele ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.Ngexesha elifanayo, ukulinganisa kunye nokulinganisa kufuneka kuqhutywe rhoqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kweziphumo zokulinganisa.
Isithando somlilo sekristale kunye nekhabhinethi yamandla exhasayo zizixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukukhulisa iikristale.Iziko lokukhula kwekristale ikakhulu liqulunqwe ngumaleko we-ceramic yangaphandle, ipleyiti yokufudumeza yombane, ifestile yecala lesithando somlilo, ipleyiti esezantsi, kunye nevalve elinganayo.Iziko lokukhula kwekristale lisebenzisa irhasi yococeko oluphezulu kubushushu obuphezulu ukuthutha izinto zesigaba segesi ezifunekayo kwinkqubo yokukhula kwekristale ukuya kwindawo yokukhula, kwaye sifudumeza izinto ezikrwada zekristale kwindawo yomlilo kwiqondo lobushushu elingaguqukiyo ukunyibilika ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zenze ubushushu obungapheliyo. iqondo lobushushu lokukhula kweekristale ukufikelela ukukhula kwekristale.khula.Ikhabhinethi yenkxaso yombane oxhasayo ibonelela ngamandla ombane kwiziko lokukhula kwekristale, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ijonga kwaye ilawula iiparitha ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo lomoya, kunye nokuhamba kwegesi kwisithando somlilo sekristale ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhula kwekristale.Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nohlengahlengiso lunokuphunyezwa.Ngokuqhelekileyo, isithando somlilo sekristale sisetyenziswa kunye nekhabhinethi yamandla exhasayo ukufezekisa inkqubo yokukhula kwekristale esebenzayo kunye nokuzinza.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi ahlambulukileyo yesithando somlilo se-crystal ngokuqhelekileyo sibhekisela kwisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulungisa amanzi acocekileyo afunekayo kwinkqubo yokukhulisa iikristale kwisithando somlilo.Umgaqo wayo ophambili wokusebenza kukuqonda ukwahlula kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-osmosis eguqukayo.Ngokwesiqhelo, inkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo ikakhulu ibandakanya iindawo ezininzi eziphambili ezinje ngonyango lwangaphambili, imodyuli yereverse ye-osmosis membrane, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwimveliso kunye nenkqubo yombhobho.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wenkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo yesithando somlilo wekristale yile ilandelayo:
I-1.Unyango lwangaphambili: Ukucoca, ukuthambisa, kunye ne-dechlorinate amanzi ompompo ukunciphisa umonakalo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwe-membrane ye-osmosis eguqukayo ngenxa yempembelelo yokungcola.
2. Imodyuli ye-osmosis ye-reverse ye-membrane: Amanzi afakwe ngaphambili axinzelelwe kwaye adluliselwe kwi-membrane ye-osmosis ejikelezayo, kwaye iimolekyuli zamanzi zihluzwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zahlulwe ngokobukhulu kunye nebakala, ukwenzela ukuba ukungcola okufana ne-ion, i-microorganisms, kunye namasuntswana emanzini. inokususwa, ngaloo ndlela ifumana ubunyulu obuphezulu.ngamanzi.
I-3.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwimveliso: gcina amanzi aphethwe yi-osmosis eguqukayo kwitanki ekhethekileyo yokugcina amanzi ukuze asetyenziswe kwisithando somlilo se-crystal.
4. Inkqubo yemibhobho: ngokweemfuno, ubude obuthile beepayipi kunye neevalvu zinokumiselwa ukuthutha nokusabalalisa amanzi agcinwe acocekileyo.Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo eziko lokukhula kwekristale ikakhulu yahlula kwaye icoca amanzi ngokucocwa kwangaphambili kunye nokubuyisela umva amacandelo e-osmosis membrane, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucoceka kunye nomgangatho wamanzi asetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokukhula kwekristale.